1. Judge – Oversees the trial, ensures legal procedures are followed, and makes rulings on admissibility of evidence and legal issues. If it’s a judge-alone trial, they also determine guilt or innocence.

2. Jury – In a jury trial, a group of citizens who listen to the evidence, follow the judge’s instructions on the law, and decide whether the accused is guilty or not guilty.

3.Crown Prosecutor – Represents the government and presents evidence to prove the accused’s guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

4. Defence Lawyer – Represents the accused and challenges the prosecution’s case by cross-examining witnesses, presenting evidence, and making legal arguments.

5. Accused (Defendant) – The person charged with a criminal offence who may testify in their own defense but is not required to.

6. Witnesses – Provide testimony about what they saw, heard, or know regarding the case; they can be called by either the Crown or the defence.

7. Court Clerk – Assists the judge in administrative matters, manages court documents, and administers oaths to witnesses.

8. Court Reporter – Creates a verbatim transcript of the trial proceedings, which can be used for appeals or legal records.

9. Sheriff or Court Security Officer – Maintains order in the courtroom, ensures the safety of participants, and may escort the accused if they are in custody.

10. Victim Services Worker – Provides support and information to victims and witnesses before and during the trial process.

11. Interpreter – Translates proceedings for individuals who do not speak English or French fluently or require sign language interpretation.

12. Public (Observers) – Trials are generally open to the public, including media, unless restricted for legal reasons.